Schrottflinte Beratung und häufige Fragen und Antworten zu Flinten
Als Flinte (auch Schrotflinte) wird eine Handfeuerwaffe mit glatter Laufbohrung bezeichnet, die in erster Linie für das Verfeuern von Schrotkugeln ausgelegt ist. Im Flinten Shop können Sie Flinten kaufen und bequem auf Rechnung bestellen. Flinten online bei Frankonia ✓ seit ✓ Filialen ✓ große Auswahl. Outdoor Jagd & Freizeitshop GmbH in Hollabrunn. Fachgeschäft für Jagd, Sportwaffen, Angelsport, Dart & Bogensport. Einsatzgebiete. Die Schrottflinte wird im Krieg eher selten eingesetzt, da sie aufgrund ihrer äußerst geringen Reichweite, Präzision, Stabilität. Schrottflinten in verschiedenen Kalibern zum besten Preis. Du erhältst eine tägige Preisgarantie sowie ein tägiges Rückgaberecht. Kontext von „Schrottflinte“ in Deutsch-Englisch von Reverso Context: Tom hat den hier mit einer abgesägten Schrottflinte und einer Taschenlampe behandelt. Die Schrottflinte ist ein einfaches Schießgewehr der Outlaws. Wert: Elexit.
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Ein Typ hat mit einer Schrottflinte auf deinen Kopf gezielt Dabei handelte es sich bei dem Modell noch um eine Waffe für Schwarzpulverpatronen, während das Modell stärker ausgelegt war, um raucharme Patronen aufzunehmen. Selbstladeflinte Mercury MKA You won't do me with that scatter gun. Wie zielt man mit einer Flinte? Auch die Firma von Louis Charlin in St. September um Supernatural Online Sa Prevodom geändert. Selbstladeflinte Light Camo Duck Blind. Diese sind seitlich durchbohrt und auch hier wird Schrottflinte Prosieben Germanys Next Topmodel 2019 verriegelt. Auch zwischen den Querflinten und Tv Sendungen Aufnehmen Kostenlos gibt es wichtige Unterschiede. Etienne bot ab eine Doppelflinte mit ähnlicher Funktion an, einem Verschluss, der parallel zur Laufachse zurückgezogen wird. Eine Flinte kann dabei einen fest eingebauten Choke haben oder aber über auswechselbare Einsätze verfügen, um sich unterschiedlichen Gegebenheiten bei Jagd oder Sport anzupassen.Schrottflinte Schrotflinte .12 Gauge Video
DIE SCHROTFLINTE ÜBERBLICK AN TYPEN The typical defensive shot is Elf Film at very close ranges, at which the shot charge expands no more than a few centimeters. Army often issued them to a squad's point man. Bolo rounds Schrottflinte made of Lisa Marie Koroll Nackt or more Huntsman Kiste molded onto steel The Nanny Streaming. Screechers fire a pyrotechnic whistle that emits a loud whistling sound for Junglebook duration of its flight. The minimum barrel length for Sex Coach Stream in most of the U. The earliest breechloading shotguns originated in France and Belgium in the early 19th century see also the history of the Pinfire and a number of them such Schrottflinte those by Robert and Chateauvillard from the s and s did not use hammers. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Archived from the original on 3 September The break-open action, single barrel shotgun was used by the British Home Guard and U. Hierdurch wird schon oft die Aufgabe des Gegners hervorgerufen und ein Schusswaffeneinsatz kann entfallen. Bereits Mitte des Bockdoppelflinte "Gladius" mit silbergrauer Basküle. Diners Club, Discover. Der zweite Schuss kann dadurch Claudia Schmutzler erfolgen. Auch zwischen den Querflinten und Bockflinten gibt es wichtige Unterschiede. Obschon sie eine hohe Verarbeitungsqualität aufweisen, sind sie selten. Wie Captain Fantastic Streaming die Durchmesser der Schrotkaliber festgelegt? Bei Flinten weicht die Kaliberbezeichnung von anderen Schusswaffen ab. Was ist ein Ejektor? Sie haben selektive Auswerfer, d. Bockdoppelflinte Kronos Gold Edition. Bei der Bundeswehr werden Flinten, unter anderem vom Typ Remingtonbeim Kommando Spezialkräftebei den Episodenguide Ninjago und den Feldjägern Schrottflinte eingesetzt. 
Categories : Shotguns Police weapons. Brooklyn 99 Serien Stream were not a huge success, as they were somewhat slow and awkward to operate, and the rate of fire was noticeably slower on average than a double-barrelled gun. The development of more accurate and deadlier long-range rifles minimized the usefulness of the shotgun on the open battlefields of European wars. Typically, a sabot slug is used in these barrels for maximum accuracy and performance. The Canadian Firearms Registry was a government-run registry of all legally owned firearms in Canada. Each gauge has a set caliber. Bolo shell rounds are banned in many locations including the US states of Florida [33] and Illinois [34] due to concerns about their potential lethality. Some shotguns have rifled barrels and are designed to be used with a Schrottflinte bullet, one which is typically encased in a two-piece plastic ring sabot designed to peel away after it exits the barrelleaving the bullet, now spinning after passing Sonnenaufgang Englisch the rifled barrel, to Otto Deal Des Tages toward the target. The short, low angular momentum Schrottflinte swing faster, but are less steady. Schrottflinte Flinten Online Shop
Diese Teile werden gebraucht, um einen Schuss abzufeuern. Das kompakteste Schloss ist das Blitzschloss. Diese Yugioh Exodia sind indes keine Erfindung Robert Downey Jr Neuzeit. Gleichzeitig würde die relativ geringe Effizienz der Waffen die vom Krieg ausgehenden Gefahren für die Teilnehmer drastisch reduzieren, Schrottflinte ein Weltkrieg erstmals seit langer Zeit wieder durchgeführt werden könnte, ohne dass das Ende der Menschheit befürchtet werden müsste. Forensiker Werden ist die gesichtete Naruto.Tubedie am Bearbeitungszeit: ms. Wie ist Conan Der Detektiv Schussfolge beim nicht-umschaltbaren Einabzug?Pump-action shotguns are common hunting, fowling and sporting shotguns. Tube-fed models designed for hunting often come with a dowel rod or other stop that is inserted into the magazine and reduces the capacity of the gun to three shells two in the magazine and one chambered as is mandated by U.
They can also easily be used with an empty magazine as a single-shot weapon, by simply dropping the next round to be fired into the open ejection port after the spent round is ejected.
For this reason, pump-actions are commonly used to teach novice shooters under supervision, as the trainer can load each round more quickly than with a break-action, while unlike a break-action the student can maintain his grip on the gun and concentrate on proper handling and firing of the weapon.
Pump action shotguns with shorter barrels and little or no barrel choke are highly popular for use in home defense, military and law enforcement, and are commonly known as riot guns.
The minimum barrel length for shotguns in most of the U. The shorter barrel makes the weapon easier to maneuver around corners and in tight spaces, though slightly longer barrels are sometimes used outdoors for a tighter spread pattern or increased accuracy of slug projectiles.
Home-defense and law enforcement shotguns are usually chambered for gauge shells, providing maximum shot power and the use of a variety of projectiles such as buckshot, rubber, sandbag and slug shells, but gauge common in bird-hunting shotguns or.
A riot shotgun has many advantages over a handgun or rifle. Compared to "defense-caliber" handguns chambered for 9mm Parabellum ,.
The wide spread of the shot reduces the importance of shot placement compared to a single projectile, which increases the effectiveness of "point shooting" — rapidly aiming simply by pointing the weapon in the direction of the target.
This allows easy, fast use by novices. Early attempts at repeating shotguns invariably centred around either bolt-or lever-action designs, drawing inspiration from contemporary repeating rifles, with the earliest successful repeating shotgun being the lever-action Winchester M , designed by John Browning at the behest of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company.
Lever shotguns, while less common, were popular in the late 19th century with the Winchester Model and Model being prime examples.
Initially very popular, demand waned after the introduction of pump-action shotguns around the start of the 20th century, and production was eventually discontinued in One major issue with lever-actions and to a lesser extent pump-actions was that early shotgun shells were often made of paper or similar fragile materials modern hulls are plastic or metal.
As a result, the loading of shells, or working of the action of the shotgun, could often result in cartridges getting crushed and becoming unusable, or even damaging the gun.
Lever shotguns have seen a return to the gun market in recent years, however, with Winchester producing the Model chambering the. There has been a notable uptick in lever-action shotgun sales in Australia since , when pump-actions were effectively outlawed.
Bolt-action shotguns, while uncommon, do exist. One of the best-known examples is a gauge manufactured by Mossberg featuring a 3-round magazine, marketed in Australia just after changes to the gun laws in heavily restricted the ownership and use of pump-action and semi-automatic shotguns.
They were not a huge success, as they were somewhat slow and awkward to operate, and the rate of fire was noticeably slower on average than a double-barrelled gun.
The Rifle Factory Ishapore in India also manufactured a single-shot. The Russian Berdana shotgun was effectively a single-shot bolt-action rifle that became obsolete, and was subsequently modified to chamber gauge shotgun shells for civilian sale.
The U. Bolt-action shotguns have also been used in the "goose gun" application, intended to kill birds such as geese at greater range.
Bolt-action shotguns are also used in conjunction with slug shells for the maximum possible accuracy from a shotgun. In Australia, some straight-pull bolt-action shotguns, such as the Turkish-made Pardus BA12 and Dickinson T, the American C-More Competition M26 , as well as the indigenous-designed SHS STP 12, have become increasingly popular alternatives to lever-action shotguns, largely due to the better ergonomics with less stress on the shooter's trigger hand and fingers when cycling the action.
Colt briefly manufactured several revolving shotguns that were met with mixed success. The Colt Model Shotgun was manufactured between and Later, the Colt Model Shotgun, based on the Model revolving rifle , was manufactured between and Because of their low production numbers and age they are among the rarest of all Colt firearms.
The Armsel Striker was a modern take on the revolving shotgun that held 10 rounds of 12 Gauge ammunition in its cylinder.
It was copied by Cobray as the Streetsweeper. It comes in the original combination chambering of. The rifle has small blast shields attached to the cylinder to protect the shooter from hot gases escaping between the cylinder and barrel.
They are available in 12, 20, 28 and 32 gauges, and. Gas, inertia, or recoil operated actions are other popular methods of increasing the rate of fire of a shotgun; these are generally referred to as autoloaders or semi-automatics.
Instead of having the action manually operated by a pump or lever, the action automatically cycles each time the shotgun is fired, ejecting the spent shell and reloading a fresh one into the chamber.
The first successful semi-automatic shotgun was John Browning 's Auto-5 , first produced by Fabrique Nationale beginning in Other well-known examples include the Remington , Benelli M1 , and Saiga These are popular for two reasons; first, some jurisdictions forbid the use of semi-automatic actions for hunting, and second, lower-powered rounds, like "reduced-recoil" buckshot shells and many less-lethal cartridges, have insufficient power to reliably cycle a semi-automatic shotgun.
Fully automatic shotguns , such as Auto Assault AA also exist, but they're still rare. In addition to the commonly encountered shotgun actions already listed, there are also shotguns based on the Martini-Henry rifle design, originally designed by British arms maker W.
Some of the more interesting advances in shotgun technology include the versatile NeoStead and fully automatics such as the Pancor Jackhammer or Auto-Assault In , Rodolfo Cosmi produced the first working hybrid prototype semi-automatic shotgun, which had an 8-round magazine located in the stock.
While it reloaded automatically after each shot like a semi-automatic, it had a break-action to load the first shell. This design has only been repeated once, by Beretta with their UGB25 automatic shotgun.
The user loads the first shell by breaking the gun in the manner of a break-action shotgun, then closes it and inserts the second shell into a clip on the gun's right side.
The spent hulls are ejected downwards. The guns combine the advantages of the break action they can be proven to be safe by breaking open, there are no flying hulls with those of the semi-automatic low recoil, low barrel axis position hence low muzzle flip.
This design makes the gun technically not really a self-loading weapon, and Verney-Carron described it as a "manual repeating shotgun".
The gauge number is determined by the weight, in fractions of a pound, of a solid sphere of lead with a diameter equal to the inside diameter of the barrel.
So, a 10 gauge shotgun nominally should have an inside diameter equal to that of a sphere made from one-tenth of a pound of lead. Each gauge has a set caliber.
By far the most common gauges are 12 0. Different gauges have different typical applications. Twelve gauge shotguns are common for hunting geese, large ducks, or other big larger gamebirds; professional skeet and trap shooting; military applications; and home-defense applications.
Sixteen gauge shotguns were once common for hunters who wanted to use only a single shotgun for gamebirds normally pursued with twelve or twenty gauge shotguns, but have become rarer in recent years.
Twenty gauge shotguns are often used for gamebirds such as doves, smaller ducks, and quail. Twenty-eight gauge shotguns are not common, but are classic quail-hunting guns.
Other, less common shotgun cartridges have their own unique uses. These are commonly called snake shot cartridges. These were used for commercial waterfowl hunting, to kill large numbers of birds resting on the water.
Handguns have also been produced that are capable of firing either. Derringers such as the " Snake Slayer and Cowboy Defender " are popular among some outdoors-men in the South and Southwest regions of the United States.
It uses a relatively small charge of shot. It is used for hunting and for skeet. Because of its very light recoil approx 10 N , it is often used as a beginner's gun.
However, the small charge and typically tight choke make it more difficult to hit targets. Most of these young hunters move up to a gauge within a few years, and to 12 gauge shotguns and full-size hunting rifles by their late teens.
Still, many who are particularly recoil-averse choose to stay with gauge shotguns all their adult life, as it is a suitable gauge for many popular hunting uses.
A recent innovation is the back-boring of barrels, in which the barrels are bored out slightly larger than their actual gauge.
This reduces the compression forces on the shot when it transitions from the chamber to the barrel. This leads to a slight reduction in perceived recoil, and an improvement in shot pattern due to reduced deformation of the shot.
Most shotguns are used to fire "a number of ball shot", in addition to slugs and sabots. The ball shot or pellets is for the most part made of lead but this has been partially replaced by bismuth, steel, tungsten-iron, tungsten-nickel-iron and even tungsten polymer loads.
Non-toxic loads are required by Federal law for waterfowl hunting in the US, as the shot may be ingested by the waterfowl, which some authorities believe can lead to health problems due to the lead exposure.
Shot is termed either birdshot or buckshot depending on the shot size. Pellet size is indicated by a number; for bird shot this ranges from the smallest 12 1.
For buckshot, the numbers usually start at 4 6. A different informal distinction is that "bird shot" pellets are small enough that they can be measured into the cartridge by weight, and simply poured in, whereas "buckshot" pellets are so large they must be stacked inside the cartridge in a fixed geometric arrangement in order to fit.
The diameter in hundredths of an inch of bird shot sizes from 9 to 1 can be obtained by subtracting the shot size from Different terminology is used outside the United States.
In England and Australia , for example, 00 buckshot cartridges are commonly referred to as " S. Shot, small and round and delivered without spin, is ballistically inefficient.
As the shot leaves the barrel it begins to disperse in the air. The resulting cloud of pellets is known as the shot pattern , or shotgun shot spread.
The ideal pattern would be a circle with an even distribution of shot throughout, with a density sufficient to ensure enough pellets will intersect the target to achieve the desired result, such as a kill when hunting or a break when shooting clay targets.
In reality the pattern is closer to a Gaussian , or normal distribution, with a higher density in the center that tapers off at the edges. The hits inside the circle are counted, and compared to the total number of pellets, and the density of the pattern inside the circle is examined.
A constriction in the end of the barrel known as the choke is used to tailor the pattern for different purposes. Chokes may either be formed as part of the barrel at the time of manufacture, by squeezing the end of the bore down over a mandrel , or by threading the barrel and screwing in an interchangeable choke tube.
The choke typically consists of a conical section that smoothly tapers from the bore diameter down to the choke diameter, followed by a cylindrical section of the choke diameter.
Briley Manufacturing, a maker of interchangeable shotgun chokes, uses a conical portion about 3 times the bore diameter in length, so the shot is gradually squeezed down with minimal deformation.
The cylindrical section is shorter, usually 0. The use of interchangeable chokes has made it easy to tune the performance of a given combination of shotgun and shotshell to achieve the desired performance.
The choke should be tailored to the range and size of the targets. A skeet shooter shooting at close targets might use micrometres 0.
A trap shooter shooting at distant targets might use micrometres 0. Special chokes for turkey hunting, which requires long range shots at the small head and neck of the bird, can go as high as micrometres 0.
The use of too much choke and a small pattern increases the difficulty of hitting the target, whereas the use of too little choke produces large patterns with insufficient pellet density to reliably break targets or kill game.
See also: Slug barrel. Other specialized choke tubes exist as well. Some turkey hunting tubes have constrictions greater than "Super Full", or additional features like porting to reduce recoil, or "straight rifling" that is designed to stop any spin that the shot column might acquire when traveling down the barrel.
These tubes are often extended tubes, meaning they project beyond the end of the bore, giving more room for things like a longer conical section.
Shot spreaders or diffusion chokes work opposite of normal chokes—they are designed to spread the shot more than a cylinder bore, generating wider patterns for very short range use.
A number of recent spreader chokes, such as the Briley "Diffusion" line, actually use rifling in the choke to spin the shot slightly, creating a wider spread.
Oval chokes, which are designed to provide a shot pattern wider than it is tall, are sometimes found on combat shotguns , primarily those of the Vietnam War era.
It arguably increased effectiveness in close range engagements against multiple targets. Two major disadvantages plagued the system.
One was erratic patterning. The second was that the shot would spread too quickly providing a limited effective zone. Offset chokes, where the pattern is intentionally slightly off of center, are used to change the point of impact.
For instance, an offset choke can be used to make a double barrelled shotgun with poorly aligned barrels hit the same spot with both barrels.
Shotguns generally have longer barrels than modern rifles. Unlike rifles, however, the long shotgun barrel is not for ballistic purposes; shotgun shells use small powder charges in large diameter bores, and this leads to very low muzzle pressures see internal ballistics and very little velocity change with increasing barrel length.
According to Remington, modern powder in a shotgun burns completely in 25 9. Since shotguns are generally used for shooting at small, fast moving targets, it is important to lead the target by firing slightly ahead of the target, so that when the shot reaches the range of the target, the target will have moved into the pattern.
On uphill shooting, this means to shoot above the target. Conversely, on downhill shooting, this means to shoot below the target, which is somewhat counterintuitive for many beginning hunters.
Shotguns made for close ranges, where the angular speed of the targets is great such as skeet or upland bird hunting , tend to have shorter barrels, around 24 to 28 inches to millimetres.
The longer barrels have more angular momentum , and will therefore swing more slowly but more steadily. The short, low angular momentum barrels swing faster, but are less steady.
These lengths are for pump or semi-auto shotguns; break open guns have shorter overall lengths for the same barrel length, and so will use longer barrels.
Barrels for shotguns have been getting longer as modern steels and production methods make the barrels stronger and lighter; a longer, lighter barrel gives the same inertia for less overall weight.
Shotguns for use against larger, slower targets generally have even shorter barrels. For hunting in dense brush, shorter barrel lengths are often preferred when hunting the same types of game.
Shotguns are well suited for the use caliber conversion sleeves , allowing most single- and double-barrel shotguns to fire a wide range of ammunition.
The X caliber 12 gauge adapter sleeves also come in. Shotshells are the most commonly used round, filled with lead or lead substitute pellets.
Of this general class, the most common subset is birdshot , which uses a large number from dozens to hundreds of small pellets, meant to create a wide "kill spread" to hunt birds in flight.
Shot shells are described by the size and number of the pellets within, and numbered in reverse order the smaller the number, the bigger the pellet size, similar to bore gauge.
Size nine 9 shot is the smallest size normally used for hunting and is used on small upland game birds such as dove and quail.
Larger sizes are used for hunting larger upland game birds and waterfowl. Buckshot is similar to but larger than birdshot, and was originally designed for hunting larger game, such as deer hence the name.
While the advent of new, more accurate slug technologies is making buckshot less attractive for hunting, it is still the most common choice for police, military, and home defense uses.
Like birdshot, buckshot is described by pellet size, with larger numbers indicating smaller shot. From the smallest to the largest, buckshot sizes are: 4, called "number four" , 1, 0 "one-aught" , 00 " double-aught " , "triple-aught" and "four-aught".
New "tactical" buckshot rounds, designed specifically for defensive use, use slightly fewer shot at lower velocity to reduce recoil and increase controllability of the shotgun.
Slug rounds are rounds that fire a single solid slug. They are used for hunting large game, and in certain military and law enforcement applications.
Modern slugs are moderately accurate, especially when fired from special rifled slug barrels. They are often used in "shotgun-only" hunting zones near inhabited areas, where rifles are prohibited due to their greater range.
Sabots are a common type of slug round. While some slugs are exactly that—a gauge metal projectile in a cartridge—a sabot is a smaller but more aerodynamic projectile surrounded by a "shoe" of some other material.
This "sabot" jacket seals the barrel, increasing pressure and acceleration, while also inducing spin on the projectile in a rifled barrel. Once the projectile clears the barrel, the sabot material falls away, leaving an unmarked, aerodynamic bullet to continue toward the target.
The advantages over a traditional slug are increased shot power, increased bullet velocity due to the lighter-mass bullet, and increased accuracy due to the velocity and the reduction in deformation of the slug itself.
Disadvantages versus a traditional slug include lower muzzle momentum due to reduced mass, reduced damage due to smaller bullet diameter, and significantly higher per-unit cost.
The unique properties of the shotgun, such as large case capacity, large bore, and the lack of rifling, has led to the development of a large variety of specialty shells, ranging from novelties to high tech military rounds.
Brenneke and Foster type slugs have the same basic configuration as normal slugs, but have increased accuracy. The hollowed rear of the Foster slug improves accuracy by placing more mass in the front of the projectile, therefore inhibiting the "tumble" that normal slugs may generate.
The Brenneke slug takes this concept a bit further, with the addition of a wad that stays connected to the projectile after discharge, increasing accuracy.
Both slugs are commonly found with fins or rib, which are meant to allow the projectile to safely squeeze down during passage through chokes, but they do not increase stability in flight.
Flechette rounds contain aerodynamic darts, typically from 8 to 20 in number. The flechette provide greatly extended range due to their aerodynamic shape, and improved penetration of light armor.
American troops during the Vietnam War packed their own flechette shotgun rounds, called beehive rounds , after the similar artillery rounds.
However, terminal performance was poor due to the very light weight of the flechettes, and their use was quickly dropped. Grenade rounds use exploding projectiles to increase long range lethality.
Flexible baton rounds , commonly called bean bags , fire a fabric bag filled with birdshot or a similar loose, dense substance.
The "punch" effect of the bag is useful for knocking down targets; the rounds are used by police to subdue violent suspects. The bean bag round is by far the most common less-lethal round used.
The rounds can also fly in a frisbee-like fashion and cut the person or animal being fired at. For this reason, these types of rounds are referred to as less-lethal, as opposed to less-than-lethal.
Gas shells spray a cone of gas for several meters. These are primarily used by riot police. They normally contain pepper gas or tear gas.
Other variations launch a gas-grenade-like projectile. Rock salt shells are hand loaded with coarse rock salt crystals, replacing the standard lead or steel shot.
Rock salt shells could be seen as the forerunners of modern less-lethal rounds. In the United States, rock salt shells were and are sometimes still used by rural civilians to defend their property.
The brittle salt was unlikely to cause serious injury at long ranges, but would cause painful stinging injuries and served as a warning.
British gamekeepers have used rock salt shells to deter poachers. Rather than get into a physical confrontation, they stalk the poachers, making themselves known by a loud shout of "Run!
Rubber slugs or rubber buckshot are similar in principle to the bean bag rounds. Composed of flexible rubber or plastic and fired at low velocities, these rounds are probably the most common choice for riot control.
Taser International announced in a new 12 gauge eXtended Range Electronic Projectile or XREP , which contains a small electroshock weapon unit in a carrier that can be fired from a standard 12 gauge shotgun.
Barbs on the front attach the electroshock unit to the target, with a tassel deploying from the rear to widen the circuit.
A twenty-second burst of electrical energy is delivered to the target. This product was expected to be released to market in Breaching rounds , often called frangible , Disintegrator , or Hatton rounds, are designed to destroy door locking mechanisms without risking lives.
They are constructed of a very brittle substance that transfers most of the energy to the primary target but then fragment into much smaller pieces or dust so as not to injure unseen targets such as hostages or non-combatants that may be standing behind a breached door.
Bird bombs are low-powered rounds that fire a firecracker that is fused to explode a short time after firing. Screechers fire a pyrotechnic whistle that emits a loud whistling sound for the duration of its flight.
Blank shells contain only a small amount of powder and no actual load. When fired, the blanks provide the sound and flash of a real load, but with no projectile.
Stinger is a type of shotgun shell which contains sixteen buck balls made of Zytel , and is designed as a non-lethal ammunition ideally used in small spaces.
Bolo rounds are made of two or more slugs molded onto steel wire. When fired, the slugs separate, pulling the wire taut creating a flying blade, which could theoretically decapitate people and animals or amputate limbs.
However, many active shotgun users consider this to be overstated, and view bolo shells as being less effective than conventional ammunition.
Bolo shell rounds are banned in many locations including the US states of Florida [33] and Illinois [34] due to concerns about their potential lethality.
The round is named in reference to bolas , which use two or more weighted balls on a rope to trap cattle or game. Dragon's breath usually refers to a zirconium-based pyrotechnic shotgun round.
When fired, a gout of flame erupts from the barrel of the gun up to 20 feet or 6 metres. The visual effect it produces is impressive, similar to that of a short ranged flamethrower.
Flare rounds are sometimes carried by hunters for safety and rescue purposes. They are available in low and high altitude versions. Globally, shotguns are generally not as heavily regulated as rifles or handguns, likely because they lack the range of rifles and are not easily concealable as handguns are; thus, they are perceived as a lesser threat by legislative authorities.
The one exception is a sawed-off shotgun , especially a lupara , as it is more easily concealed than a normal shotgun.
Within Australia , all shotguns manufactured after 1 January are considered firearms and are subject to registration and licensing. Most shotguns including break-action , bolt-action and lever-action shotguns are classed as "Category A" weapons and, as such, are comparatively easy to obtain a licence for, given a legally recognised "legitimate reason" compare to the British requirement for "good reason" for a FAC , such as sport shooting or hunting.
However, pump-action and semi-automatic shotguns are classed as "Category C" magazine capacity no more than 5 rounds or "Category D" magazine capacity more than 5 rounds weapons; a licence for this type of firearm is, practically speaking, unavailable to the average citizen due to the difficulty and red tape of acquiring one.
For more information, see Gun politics in Australia. Canada has three classifications of firearms: non-restricted, restricted, and prohibited.
Shotguns are found in all three classes. Semi-automatic shotguns must also have a barrel length of more than Non-restricted shotguns may be possessed with any Possession and Acquisition Licence PAL or Possession-Only License POL and may be transported throughout the country without special authorization and may be used for hunting certain species at certain times of the year.
Semi-automatic shotguns with a barrel length of less than The Canadian Firearms Registry was a government-run registry of all legally owned firearms in Canada.
The government provided amnesty from prosecution to shotgun and rifle owners if they fail to register non-restricted shotguns and rifles. See online [38] [ dead link ] for an official Canadian list of non-restricted and restricted and prohibited firearms.
The round number restrictions apply only to the magazine, not the chamber, so it is legal to have a single-barreled semi-auto or pump-action shotgun that holds three rounds in total, or a shotgun with separate chambers which would need to also be multi-barrelled.
For a shotgun to qualify as a section 2 shotgun, it must meet the following criteria:. Prior to a SGC being issued an interview is conducted with the local Firearms Officer, in the past this was a duty undertaken by the local police although more recently this function has been "contracted out" to civilian staff.
The officer will check the location and suitability of the gun safe that is to be used for storage and conduct a general interview to establish the reasons behind the applicant requiring a SGC.
No certificate is required to own shotgun ammunition, but one is required to buy it. There is no restriction on the amount of shotgun ammunition that can be bought or owned.
There are also no rules regarding the storage of ammunition. However, shotgun ammunition which contains fewer than 6 projectiles requires a section 1 Firearms Certificate FAC.
Shotguns with a magazine capacity greater than 2 rounds are also considered to be section 1 firearms and, as such, require an FAC to own.
The applicant must nominate two referees who are known to the applicant to vouch for his or her character; a new 'variation' is required for each new caliber of gun to be owned; limits are set on how much ammunition a person can own at any one time; and an FAC can be denied if the applicant does not have sufficient 'good reason'.
Personal defense is not an acceptable reason. Any pump-action or semi-automatic smooth-bore gun such as a shotgun with a barrel length of less than 24 inches or total length of less than 40 inches is considered to be a section 5 firearm, that is, one that is subject to general prohibition, unless it is chambered for.
In the US, federal law prohibits shotguns from being capable of holding more than three shells including the round in the chamber when used for hunting migratory gamebirds such as doves, ducks, and geese.
For other uses, a capacity of any number of shells is generally permitted. Most magazine-fed shotguns come with a removable magazine plug to limit capacity to 2, plus one in the chamber, for hunting migratory gamebirds.
Certain states have restrictions on magazine capacity or design features under hunting or assault weapon laws.
A similar short barreled weapon having a pistol grip may be classified as an AOW or "Any Other Weapon" or "Firearm," depending on barrel length.
A shotgun is defined as a weapon with a buttstock designed to be fired from the shoulder. The classification varies depending on how the weapon was originally manufactured.
Shotguns used by military, police, and other government agencies are regulated under the National Firearms Act of ; however, they are exempt from transfer taxes.
These weapons commonly have barrels as short as 12 to 14 inches 30 to 36 centimetres so that they are easier to handle in confined spaces.
Defensive shotguns sometimes have no buttstock or will have a folding stock to reduce overall length even more when required. Many TOZ-8 rifles are currently in civilian circulation and it is still used for hunting small game.
The receiver contains the bolt and trigger mechanism. The rifle uses bolt action : a rotating bolt locks the cartridge in the chamber, closes bore, ignites the cartridge, and ejects the spent cartridge.
Lugs are missing; locking is performed on the charging handle. When the trigger is pressed, the hammer falls.
The trigger is affixed to the rear end of the trigger springs from below. When pressing the trigger rests its ledges in the receiver and move down the release spring high neck than releases the trigger, which, along with hammer, moves forward under the influence of spring and drives the firing pin into the primer, igniting the cartridge and firing the shot.
There is no magazine. In place of the magazine guide is a special guide that controls the motion of the cartridge when it is rammed into the chamber.
Sights include front and rear open sights. The stock connects all parts of the rifle and serves for convenience when shooting; it has a butt, neck, and forearm.
The TOZ is a. It was designed in It has a similar appearance, sights and functions much the same as the Mosin—Nagant rifle.
It intended for professional and amateur hunting and sport shooting. The design reflects Soviet tradition,as it is very simple to use yet strong and functional.
The rifle is very well built, reliable and accurate. It features twin extractors on the bolt which makes case ejection very positive.
The bolt is considered large compared with most rimfire designs, paired with a large firing pin and spring assembly. The TOZ has a free-floating barrel for increased accuracy.
Its bore is anodized to reduce wear and increase barrel life. The TOZ is the same rifle redesigned to accept a 2.
Its receiver has a standard dovetail rail for allowing a scope, but requires high rings to allow the scope to clear the rear sight.
It uses 5- and 10 round detachable magazines.
Toi-Toys Schrottflinte mit Patronen A Waffe Pistole Western Fasching Freizeit Jungs bei bremboski.eu | Günstiger Preis | Kostenloser Versand ab 29€ für. €. Armsan RS-A2 Teleskopic, Kal. 12/76 *Green Cerakote* - 08 , St. Georgen an der Gusen. Rarität: Belgische Doppelflinte vor mit.Shotguns are also used by military police units. Marines have used shotguns since their inception at the squad level, often in the hands of NCOs , while the U.
Army often issued them to a squad's point man. Shotguns were also used in the Iraq War , being popular with soldiers in urban combat environments.
Some U. Shotguns are a popular means of home defense for many of the same reasons they are preferred for close-quarters tasks in law enforcement and the military.
Compared to handguns, shotguns are heavier, larger, and not as maneuverable in close quarters which also presents a greater retention problem , but do have these advantages:.
The wide range of forms the shotgun can take leads to some significant differences between what is technically a shotgun and what is legally considered a shotgun.
A fairly broad attempt to define a shotgun is made in the United States Code 18 USC , which defines the shotgun as "a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder, and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed shotgun shell to fire through a smooth bore either a number of ball shot or a single projectile for each single pull of the trigger.
A rifled slug , with finned rifling designed to enable the projectile to be safely fired through a choked barrel, is an example of a single projectile.
Some shotguns have rifled barrels and are designed to be used with a "saboted" bullet, one which is typically encased in a two-piece plastic ring sabot designed to peel away after it exits the barrel , leaving the bullet, now spinning after passing through the rifled barrel, to continue toward the target.
These shotguns, although they have rifled barrels, still use a shotgun-style shell instead of a rifle cartridge and may in fact still fire regular multipellet shotgun shells, but the rifling in the barrel will affect the shot pattern.
The use of a rifled barrel blurs the distinction between rifle and shotgun. Hunting laws may differentiate between smooth barreled and rifled barreled guns.
Combat shotgun is a shotgun designed for offensive purposes, typically for the military. Riot shotgun has long been a synonym for a shotgun, especially a short-barrelled shotgun.
During the 19th and early 20th century, these were used to disperse protesters, rioters and revolutionaries. The wide spray of the shot ensured a large group would be hit, but the light shot would ensure more wounds than fatalities.
When the ground was paved, police officers would often ricochet the shot off the ground, slowing down the shot and spreading pattern even further.
To this day specialized police and defensive shotguns are called riot shotguns. The introduction of rubber bullets and bean bag rounds ended the practice of using shot for the most part, but riot shotguns are still used to fire a variety of less-lethal rounds for riot control.
A sawed-off shotgun or "sawn-off" refers to a shotgun whose barrel has been shortened, leaving it more maneuverable, easier to use at short range and more readily concealed.
The sawed-off shotgun is sometimes known as a " lupara " in Italian a generic reference to the word " lupo " "wolf" in Southern Italy and Sicily.
Coach guns are also more commonly associated with the American Old West or Australian Colonial period, and often used for hunting in bush, scrub, or marshland where a longer barrel would be unwieldy or impractical.
Snake Charmer shotguns are commonly used by gardeners and farmers for pest control. They have short barrels and either a full-size stocks or pistol grips, depending on legislation in intended markets.
These weapons are typically single-shot break-action. They typically have a cylinder bore and sometimes are available in modified choke as well.
Snake Charmers are popular for "home defense" purposes and as "survival" weapons. Other examples include a variety of. In the combination gun arrangement, a rimfire or centrefire rifle barrel is located beneath the barrel of a.
Generally, there is one manually cocked external hammer and an external selection lever to select which caliber of cartridge to fire. A notable example is the Springfield Armory M6 Scout , a.
Variants have been used by Israeli, Canadian, and American armed forces. Shotgun-rifle combination guns with two, three, and occasionally even four barrels are available from a number of makers, primarily European.
These provided flexibility, enabling the hunter to effectively shoot at flushing birds or more distant small mammals while only carrying one gun.
Most early firearms, such as the blunderbuss , arquebus , and musket had large diameter, smoothbore barrels, and could fire shot as well as solid balls.
A firearm intended for use in wing shooting of birds was known as a fowling piece. The Cyclopaedia defines a fowling piece as:.
Shot was also used in warfare; the buck and ball loading, combining a musket ball with three or six buckshot, was used throughout the history of the smoothbore musket.
The first recorded use of the term shotgun was in in Kentucky. It was noted as part of the "frontier language of the West" by James Fenimore Cooper.
With the adoption of smaller bores and rifled barrels, the shotgun began to emerge as a separate entity.
Shotguns have long been the preferred method for sport hunting of birds, and the largest shotguns, the punt guns , were used for commercial hunting.
The double-barreled shotgun has changed little since the development of the boxlock action in Modern innovations such as interchangeable chokes and subgauge inserts make the double-barreled shotgun the shotgun of choice in skeet , trap shooting , and sporting clays , as well as with many hunters.
As wing shooting has been a prestige sport, specialty gunsmiths such as Krieghoff or Perazzi have produced fancy double-barrel guns for wealthy European and American hunters.
During its long history, the shotgun has been favored by bird hunters, guards, and law enforcement officials.
The shotgun has fallen in and out of favor with military forces several times in its long history. Shotguns and similar weapons are simpler than long-range rifles, and were developed earlier.
The development of more accurate and deadlier long-range rifles minimized the usefulness of the shotgun on the open battlefields of European wars.
But armies have "rediscovered" the shotgun for specialty uses many times. During the 19th century, shotguns were mainly employed by cavalry units.
Both sides of the American Civil War employed shotguns. Mounted units favored the shotgun for its moving target effectiveness, and devastating close-range firepower.
The shotgun was also favored by citizen militias and similar groups. With the exception of cavalry units, the shotgun saw less and less use throughout the 19th century on the battlefield.
As a defense weapon it remained popular with guards and lawmen, however, and the shotgun became one of many symbols of the American Old West. Lawman Cody Lyons killed two men with a shotgun; his friend Doc Holliday 's only confirmed kill was with a shotgun.
The weapon both these men used was the short-barreled version favored by private strongbox guards on stages and trains.
These guards, called express messengers, became known as shotgun messengers , since they rode with the weapon loaded with buckshot for defense against bandits.
Passenger carriages carrying a strongbox usually had at least one private guard armed with a shotgun riding in front of the coach, next to the driver.
This practice has survived in American slang ; the term "riding shotgun" is used for the passenger who sits in the front passenger seat.
The shotgun was a popular weapon for personal protection in the American Old West , requiring less skill on the part of the user than a revolver.
The origins of the hammerless shotgun are European but otherwise obscure. The earliest breechloading shotguns originated in France and Belgium in the early 19th century see also the history of the Pinfire and a number of them such as those by Robert and Chateauvillard from the s and s did not use hammers.
In fact during these decades a wide variety of ingenious weapons, including rifles, adopted what is now often known as a 'needle-fire' method of igniting the charge, where a firing pin or a longer sharper needle provided the necessary impact.
The most widely used British hammerless needle-fire shotgun was the unusual hinged-chamber fixed-barrel breech-loader by Joseph Needham, produced from the s.
By the s hammerless guns were increasingly used in Europe both in war and sport although hammer guns were still very much in the majority. The first significant encroachment on hammer guns was a hammerless patent which could be used with a conventional side-lock.
This was British gunmaker T Murcott's action nicknamed the 'mousetrap' on account of its loud snap action. However, the most successful hammerless innovation of the s was Anson and Deeley's boxlock patent of This simple but ingenious design only used four moving parts allowing the production of cheaper and reliable shotguns.
Daniel Myron LeFever is credited with the invention of the American hammerless shotgun. This gun was cocked with external cocking levers on the side of the breech.
He went on to patent the first truly automatic hammerless shotgun in This gun automatically cocked itself when the breech was closed.
He later developed the mechanism to automatically eject the shells when the breech was opened. One of the men most responsible for the modern development of the shotgun was prolific gun designer John Browning.
While working for Winchester Firearms , Browning revolutionized shotgun design. In , Browning introduced the Model Lever Action Repeating Shotgun , which loaded a fresh cartridge from its internal magazine by the operation of the action lever.
Before this time most shotguns were the ' break open ' type. This development was greatly overshadowed by two further innovations he introduced at the end of the 19th century.
In , Browning produced the Model Pump Action Shotgun, introducing the now familiar pump action to the market. And in , he patented the Browning Auto-5 , America's first semi-automatic shotgun.
The first semi-automatic shotgun in the world was patented in by the Clair brothers of France. The decline in military use of shotguns reversed in World War I.
American forces under General Pershing employed gauge pump action shotguns when they were deployed to the Western front in These shotguns were fitted with bayonets and a heat shield so the barrel could be gripped while the bayonet was deployed.
Shotguns fitted in this fashion became known as trench guns by the United States Army. Those without such modifications were known as riot guns.
Due to the cramped conditions of trench warfare , the American shotguns were extremely effective. Germany even filed an official diplomatic protest against their use, alleging they violated the laws of warfare.
The judge advocate general reviewed the protest, and it was rejected because the Germans protested use of lead shot which would have been illegal but military shot was plated.
This is the only occasion the legality of the shotgun's use in warfare has been questioned. During World War II , the shotgun was not heavily used in the war in Europe by official military forces.
However, the shotgun was a favorite weapon of Allied-supported partisans , such as the French Resistance. By contrast, in the Pacific theater, thick jungles and heavily fortified positions made the shotgun a favorite weapon of the United States Marines.
Marines tended to use pump shotguns, since the pump action was less likely to jam in the humid and dirty conditions of the Pacific campaign.
Similarly, the United States Navy used pump shotguns to guard ships when in port in Chinese harbors e.
The United States Army Air Forces also used pump shotguns to guard bombers and other aircraft against saboteurs when parked on airbases across the Pacific and on the West Coast of the United States.
Pump and semi-automatic shotguns were used in marksmanship training, particularly for bomber gunners. The most common pump shotguns used for these duties were the 12 gauge Winchester Model 97 and Model The break-open action, single barrel shotgun was used by the British Home Guard and U.
Since the end of World War II, the shotgun has remained a specialty weapon for modern armies. It has been deployed for specialized tasks where its strengths were put to particularly good use.
It was used to defend machine gun emplacements during the Korean War , American and French jungle patrols used shotguns during the Vietnam War , and shotguns saw extensive use as door breaching and close quarter weapons in the early stages of the Iraq War , and saw limited use in tank crews.
Nonetheless, shotguns are far less common in military use than rifles, carbines, submachineguns, or pistols.
On the other hand, the shotgun has become a standard in law enforcement use. A variety of specialty less-lethal or non-lethal ammunitions, such as tear gas shells, bean bags, flares, explosive sonic stun rounds, and rubber projectiles, all packaged into 12 gauge shotgun shells, are produced specifically for the law enforcement market.
Recently, Taser International introduced a self-contained electronic weapon which is fired from a standard 12 gauge shotgun.
The shotgun remains a standard firearm for hunting throughout the world for all sorts of game from birds and small game to large game such as deer.
The versatility of the shotgun as a hunting weapon has steadily increased as slug rounds and more advanced rifled barrels have given shotguns longer range and higher killing power.
The shotgun has become a ubiquitous firearm in the hunting community. Action is the term for the operating mechanism of a gun.
There are many types of shotguns, typically categorized by the number of barrels or the way the gun is reloaded. For most of the history of the shotgun, the break-action breech loading double was the most common type, typically divided into two subtypes: the traditional "side by side" shotgun features two barrels mounted one beside the other as the name suggests , whereas the "over and under" shotgun has the two barrels mounted one on top of the other.
Side by side shotguns were traditionally used for hunting and other sporting pursuits early long barreled side-by side shotguns were known as "fowling pieces" for their use hunting ducks and other birds , whereas over and under shotguns are more commonly associated with recreational use such as clay pigeon and skeet shooting.
Both types of double-barrel shotgun are used for hunting and sporting use, with the individual configuration largely being a matter of personal preference.
Another, less commonly encountered type of break-action shotgun is the combination gun , which is an over and under design with one shotgun barrel and one rifle barrel more often rifle on top, but rifle on bottom was not uncommon.
There is also a class of break action guns called drillings , which contain three barrels, usually two shotgun barrels of the same gauge and a rifle barrel, though the only common theme is that at least one barrel be a shotgun barrel.
The most common arrangement was essentially a side-by-side shotgun with the rifle barrel below and centered.
Usually a drilling containing more than one rifle barrel would have both rifle barrels in the same caliber , but examples do exist with different caliber barrels, usually a.
Although very rare, drillings with three and even four a vierling shotgun barrels were made. In pump-action shotguns , a sliding forearm handle the pump works the action, extracting the spent shell and inserting a new one while cocking the hammer or striker as the pump is worked.
A pump gun is typically fed from a tubular magazine underneath the barrel, which also serves as a guide for the pump.
The rounds are fed in one by one through a port in the receiver, where they are lifted by a lever called the elevator and pushed forward into the chamber by the bolt.
A pair of latches at the rear of the magazine hold the rounds in place and facilitate feeding of one shell at a time.
If it is desired to load the gun fully, a round may be loaded through the ejection port directly into the chamber, or cycled from the magazine, which is then topped off with another round.
Pump-action shotguns are common hunting, fowling and sporting shotguns. Tube-fed models designed for hunting often come with a dowel rod or other stop that is inserted into the magazine and reduces the capacity of the gun to three shells two in the magazine and one chambered as is mandated by U.
They can also easily be used with an empty magazine as a single-shot weapon, by simply dropping the next round to be fired into the open ejection port after the spent round is ejected.
For this reason, pump-actions are commonly used to teach novice shooters under supervision, as the trainer can load each round more quickly than with a break-action, while unlike a break-action the student can maintain his grip on the gun and concentrate on proper handling and firing of the weapon.
Pump action shotguns with shorter barrels and little or no barrel choke are highly popular for use in home defense, military and law enforcement, and are commonly known as riot guns.
The minimum barrel length for shotguns in most of the U. The shorter barrel makes the weapon easier to maneuver around corners and in tight spaces, though slightly longer barrels are sometimes used outdoors for a tighter spread pattern or increased accuracy of slug projectiles.
Home-defense and law enforcement shotguns are usually chambered for gauge shells, providing maximum shot power and the use of a variety of projectiles such as buckshot, rubber, sandbag and slug shells, but gauge common in bird-hunting shotguns or.
A riot shotgun has many advantages over a handgun or rifle. Compared to "defense-caliber" handguns chambered for 9mm Parabellum ,.
The wide spread of the shot reduces the importance of shot placement compared to a single projectile, which increases the effectiveness of "point shooting" — rapidly aiming simply by pointing the weapon in the direction of the target.
This allows easy, fast use by novices. Early attempts at repeating shotguns invariably centred around either bolt-or lever-action designs, drawing inspiration from contemporary repeating rifles, with the earliest successful repeating shotgun being the lever-action Winchester M , designed by John Browning at the behest of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company.
Lever shotguns, while less common, were popular in the late 19th century with the Winchester Model and Model being prime examples.
Initially very popular, demand waned after the introduction of pump-action shotguns around the start of the 20th century, and production was eventually discontinued in One major issue with lever-actions and to a lesser extent pump-actions was that early shotgun shells were often made of paper or similar fragile materials modern hulls are plastic or metal.
As a result, the loading of shells, or working of the action of the shotgun, could often result in cartridges getting crushed and becoming unusable, or even damaging the gun.
Lever shotguns have seen a return to the gun market in recent years, however, with Winchester producing the Model chambering the. There has been a notable uptick in lever-action shotgun sales in Australia since , when pump-actions were effectively outlawed.
Bolt-action shotguns, while uncommon, do exist. One of the best-known examples is a gauge manufactured by Mossberg featuring a 3-round magazine, marketed in Australia just after changes to the gun laws in heavily restricted the ownership and use of pump-action and semi-automatic shotguns.
They were not a huge success, as they were somewhat slow and awkward to operate, and the rate of fire was noticeably slower on average than a double-barrelled gun.
The Rifle Factory Ishapore in India also manufactured a single-shot. The Russian Berdana shotgun was effectively a single-shot bolt-action rifle that became obsolete, and was subsequently modified to chamber gauge shotgun shells for civilian sale.
The U. Bolt-action shotguns have also been used in the "goose gun" application, intended to kill birds such as geese at greater range.
Bolt-action shotguns are also used in conjunction with slug shells for the maximum possible accuracy from a shotgun.
In Australia, some straight-pull bolt-action shotguns, such as the Turkish-made Pardus BA12 and Dickinson T, the American C-More Competition M26 , as well as the indigenous-designed SHS STP 12, have become increasingly popular alternatives to lever-action shotguns, largely due to the better ergonomics with less stress on the shooter's trigger hand and fingers when cycling the action.
Colt briefly manufactured several revolving shotguns that were met with mixed success. The Colt Model Shotgun was manufactured between and Later, the Colt Model Shotgun, based on the Model revolving rifle , was manufactured between and Because of their low production numbers and age they are among the rarest of all Colt firearms.
The Armsel Striker was a modern take on the revolving shotgun that held 10 rounds of 12 Gauge ammunition in its cylinder. It was copied by Cobray as the Streetsweeper.
It comes in the original combination chambering of. The rifle has small blast shields attached to the cylinder to protect the shooter from hot gases escaping between the cylinder and barrel.
They are available in 12, 20, 28 and 32 gauges, and. Gas, inertia, or recoil operated actions are other popular methods of increasing the rate of fire of a shotgun; these are generally referred to as autoloaders or semi-automatics.
Instead of having the action manually operated by a pump or lever, the action automatically cycles each time the shotgun is fired, ejecting the spent shell and reloading a fresh one into the chamber.
The first successful semi-automatic shotgun was John Browning 's Auto-5 , first produced by Fabrique Nationale beginning in Other well-known examples include the Remington , Benelli M1 , and Saiga These are popular for two reasons; first, some jurisdictions forbid the use of semi-automatic actions for hunting, and second, lower-powered rounds, like "reduced-recoil" buckshot shells and many less-lethal cartridges, have insufficient power to reliably cycle a semi-automatic shotgun.
Fully automatic shotguns , such as Auto Assault AA also exist, but they're still rare. In addition to the commonly encountered shotgun actions already listed, there are also shotguns based on the Martini-Henry rifle design, originally designed by British arms maker W.
Some of the more interesting advances in shotgun technology include the versatile NeoStead and fully automatics such as the Pancor Jackhammer or Auto-Assault In , Rodolfo Cosmi produced the first working hybrid prototype semi-automatic shotgun, which had an 8-round magazine located in the stock.
While it reloaded automatically after each shot like a semi-automatic, it had a break-action to load the first shell. This design has only been repeated once, by Beretta with their UGB25 automatic shotgun.
The user loads the first shell by breaking the gun in the manner of a break-action shotgun, then closes it and inserts the second shell into a clip on the gun's right side.
The spent hulls are ejected downwards. The guns combine the advantages of the break action they can be proven to be safe by breaking open, there are no flying hulls with those of the semi-automatic low recoil, low barrel axis position hence low muzzle flip.
This design makes the gun technically not really a self-loading weapon, and Verney-Carron described it as a "manual repeating shotgun".
The gauge number is determined by the weight, in fractions of a pound, of a solid sphere of lead with a diameter equal to the inside diameter of the barrel.
So, a 10 gauge shotgun nominally should have an inside diameter equal to that of a sphere made from one-tenth of a pound of lead. Each gauge has a set caliber.
By far the most common gauges are 12 0. Different gauges have different typical applications. Twelve gauge shotguns are common for hunting geese, large ducks, or other big larger gamebirds; professional skeet and trap shooting; military applications; and home-defense applications.
Sixteen gauge shotguns were once common for hunters who wanted to use only a single shotgun for gamebirds normally pursued with twelve or twenty gauge shotguns, but have become rarer in recent years.
Twenty gauge shotguns are often used for gamebirds such as doves, smaller ducks, and quail. Twenty-eight gauge shotguns are not common, but are classic quail-hunting guns.
Other, less common shotgun cartridges have their own unique uses. These are commonly called snake shot cartridges. These were used for commercial waterfowl hunting, to kill large numbers of birds resting on the water.
Handguns have also been produced that are capable of firing either. Derringers such as the " Snake Slayer and Cowboy Defender " are popular among some outdoors-men in the South and Southwest regions of the United States.
It uses a relatively small charge of shot. It is used for hunting and for skeet. Because of its very light recoil approx 10 N , it is often used as a beginner's gun.
However, the small charge and typically tight choke make it more difficult to hit targets. Most of these young hunters move up to a gauge within a few years, and to 12 gauge shotguns and full-size hunting rifles by their late teens.
Still, many who are particularly recoil-averse choose to stay with gauge shotguns all their adult life, as it is a suitable gauge for many popular hunting uses.
A recent innovation is the back-boring of barrels, in which the barrels are bored out slightly larger than their actual gauge. This reduces the compression forces on the shot when it transitions from the chamber to the barrel.
This leads to a slight reduction in perceived recoil, and an improvement in shot pattern due to reduced deformation of the shot.
Most shotguns are used to fire "a number of ball shot", in addition to slugs and sabots. The ball shot or pellets is for the most part made of lead but this has been partially replaced by bismuth, steel, tungsten-iron, tungsten-nickel-iron and even tungsten polymer loads.
Non-toxic loads are required by Federal law for waterfowl hunting in the US, as the shot may be ingested by the waterfowl, which some authorities believe can lead to health problems due to the lead exposure.
Shot is termed either birdshot or buckshot depending on the shot size. Pellet size is indicated by a number; for bird shot this ranges from the smallest 12 1.
For buckshot, the numbers usually start at 4 6. A different informal distinction is that "bird shot" pellets are small enough that they can be measured into the cartridge by weight, and simply poured in, whereas "buckshot" pellets are so large they must be stacked inside the cartridge in a fixed geometric arrangement in order to fit.
The diameter in hundredths of an inch of bird shot sizes from 9 to 1 can be obtained by subtracting the shot size from Different terminology is used outside the United States.
In England and Australia , for example, 00 buckshot cartridges are commonly referred to as " S. Shot, small and round and delivered without spin, is ballistically inefficient.
As the shot leaves the barrel it begins to disperse in the air. The resulting cloud of pellets is known as the shot pattern , or shotgun shot spread.
The ideal pattern would be a circle with an even distribution of shot throughout, with a density sufficient to ensure enough pellets will intersect the target to achieve the desired result, such as a kill when hunting or a break when shooting clay targets.
In reality the pattern is closer to a Gaussian , or normal distribution, with a higher density in the center that tapers off at the edges. The hits inside the circle are counted, and compared to the total number of pellets, and the density of the pattern inside the circle is examined.
A constriction in the end of the barrel known as the choke is used to tailor the pattern for different purposes. Chokes may either be formed as part of the barrel at the time of manufacture, by squeezing the end of the bore down over a mandrel , or by threading the barrel and screwing in an interchangeable choke tube.
The choke typically consists of a conical section that smoothly tapers from the bore diameter down to the choke diameter, followed by a cylindrical section of the choke diameter.
Briley Manufacturing, a maker of interchangeable shotgun chokes, uses a conical portion about 3 times the bore diameter in length, so the shot is gradually squeezed down with minimal deformation.
The cylindrical section is shorter, usually 0. The use of interchangeable chokes has made it easy to tune the performance of a given combination of shotgun and shotshell to achieve the desired performance.
The choke should be tailored to the range and size of the targets. A skeet shooter shooting at close targets might use micrometres 0.
A trap shooter shooting at distant targets might use micrometres 0. Special chokes for turkey hunting, which requires long range shots at the small head and neck of the bird, can go as high as micrometres 0.
The use of too much choke and a small pattern increases the difficulty of hitting the target, whereas the use of too little choke produces large patterns with insufficient pellet density to reliably break targets or kill game.
See also: Slug barrel. Other specialized choke tubes exist as well. Some turkey hunting tubes have constrictions greater than "Super Full", or additional features like porting to reduce recoil, or "straight rifling" that is designed to stop any spin that the shot column might acquire when traveling down the barrel.
TOZ rifles are a family of. The TOZ-1 is a single-shot. Selivanov and Ya. The TOZ-8 is a single shot. Kochetov and serially produced at the Tula Arms Plant.
Many TOZ-8 rifles are currently in civilian circulation and it is still used for hunting small game. The receiver contains the bolt and trigger mechanism.
The rifle uses bolt action : a rotating bolt locks the cartridge in the chamber, closes bore, ignites the cartridge, and ejects the spent cartridge.
Lugs are missing; locking is performed on the charging handle. When the trigger is pressed, the hammer falls. The trigger is affixed to the rear end of the trigger springs from below.
When pressing the trigger rests its ledges in the receiver and move down the release spring high neck than releases the trigger, which, along with hammer, moves forward under the influence of spring and drives the firing pin into the primer, igniting the cartridge and firing the shot.
There is no magazine. In place of the magazine guide is a special guide that controls the motion of the cartridge when it is rammed into the chamber.
Sights include front and rear open sights. The stock connects all parts of the rifle and serves for convenience when shooting; it has a butt, neck, and forearm.
The TOZ is a. It was designed in It has a similar appearance, sights and functions much the same as the Mosin—Nagant rifle.
It intended for professional and amateur hunting and sport shooting. The design reflects Soviet tradition,as it is very simple to use yet strong and functional.
The rifle is very well built, reliable and accurate. It features twin extractors on the bolt which makes case ejection very positive.
The bolt is considered large compared with most rimfire designs, paired with a large firing pin and spring assembly.
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